Author: M. Li Affiliation: Independent Researcher Received 11 March 2024; Revised 26 April 2024; Accepted 11 May 2024; Available online 1 June 2024; Version of Record 1 June 2024. Abstract The secretarial profession has undergone substantial transformation across historical periods, shaped by political institutions, economic development, educational expansion, and technological change. From the scribes of ancient civilizations to the digitally competent administrative profess

Author: Maria Johnson Affiliation: Independent Researcher Received 6 March 2024; Revised 15 April 2024; Accepted 6 May 2024; Available online 26 May 2024; Version of Record 26 May 2024. Abstract The role of the secretary has changed substantially over the past decade, with this change becoming more visible through digitalization, hybrid work arrangements, artificial intelligence tools, and stronger governance expectations. In early 2024, organizational thinking increasingly