Authors: Sarah Meier Affiliation: International Academy in Switzerland ORCID ID: 0009-0008-2615-0767 Submitted 25 February 2026; Revised 02 April 2026; Accepted 28 May 2026; Available online 18 June 2026; Version of Record 18 June 2026. https://doi.org/10.65326/u7y566830 Volume 3, December 2026, (10026) Abstract The Strait of Hormuz carries roughly one fifth of global petroleum liquids consumption and lacks a maritime substitute, which makes it the most concentrated single